home
***
CD-ROM
|
disk
|
FTP
|
other
***
search
/
Almathera Ten Pack 3: CDPD 3
/
Almathera Ten on Ten - Disc 3: CDPD3.iso
/
fish
/
001-100
/
001-025
/
003
/
ff
/
ff.man
< prev
next >
Wrap
Text File
|
1995-03-17
|
12KB
|
265 lines
FFFFFFFF((((1111)))) WWWWaaaannnngggg IIIInnnnssssttttiiiittttuuuutttteeee ((((AAAAuuuugggguuuusssstttt 11110000,,,, 1111999988885555)))) FFFFFFFF((((1111))))
NNNNAAAAMMMMEEEE
ff - fast text formatter
UUUUSSSSAAAAGGGGEEEE
ffffffff [options] [-] [files]
DDDDEEEESSSSCCCCRRRRIIIIPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNN
_f_f is a simple text formatter for flexible uniform
formatting of input files. Program options are used to
control formatting. This is in contrast to text formatters
like _n_r_o_f_f (_1) that require special format requests to be
part of their input files. Besides avoiding cryptic format
requests in text, _f_f is considerably faster than traditional
formatters like _n_r_o_f_f (_1) and even simple formatters like
_f_m_t (_1).
The most complicated concept with _f_f is that of a line
break. A line break causes an interruption in the filling
(evening out of the text lines). Line breaks occur when
special characters are seen at the beginnings of lines, or
when all lines are broken. By default, any non-alphanumeric
character will cause a break, but this can be controlled
with the ----BBBB option. A blank line always causes a break.
OOOOPPPPTTTTIIIIOOOONNNNSSSS
There are many, many options to allow control of
indentation, line width, line spacing, filling, pagination
with headers and footers, line numbering, right
justification, and perhaps some other things. They have
extensive type and range checking that produces diagnostic
error messages, so warnings of obviously wrong options will
not be discussed here. In general, options that imply the
use of others work the way they should; if the page size is
set, then pagination is automatically assumed. Some
combinations of options give impressive, even artistic,
effects. Making a small text file and playing with it is
the easiest way to learn how the options interact.
----bbbb Break all lines of text. That is, don't even-out lines
by filling. By default, text lines are filled.
----BBBB bbbbrrrreeeeaaaakkkkcccchhhhaaaarrrrssss
Change the set of characters that cause line breaks at
the start of lines to _b_r_e_a_k_c_h_a_r_s. By default, any
characters but letters and numbers cause a break. A
good choice for break characters might be "*-+" and
TABS that might be used for lists.
----cccc Center all lines of text. This option stops all
filling of text.
----dddd Delete white space at the beginning and end of lines.
Page 1 (printed 1/1/86)
FFFFFFFF((((1111)))) WWWWaaaannnngggg IIIInnnnssssttttiiiittttuuuutttteeee ((((AAAAuuuugggguuuusssstttt 11110000,,,, 1111999988885555)))) FFFFFFFF((((1111))))
This option is useful to help un-format text to be re-
formatted.
----DDDD Delete empty input lines. An input line is empty if it
has no characters, not even invisible character like
tabs or spaces. This option can be combined with the
option to remove white space to delete visibly blank
lines.
----ffff ffffooooooootttteeeerrrr
Set the page footer to the string _f_o_o_t_e_r. This can be
any string, but if the first character is not a letter
or a digit, but a punctuation character like /, then
that character separates the left, center, and right
fields of a title. For example, the title
"/ff: fast formatter//1985/"
would have "ff: fast formatter" as a left justified
field and 1985 as a right justified field on each page.
Note that there is no middle field in this example, but
there could have been, between the two consecutive /'s.
There are two special characters, % and *, that
respectively are variables for the page number and the
input file name. The default page footer is blank.
----FFFF ffffooooooootttteeeerrrrssssiiiizzzzeeee
Set the number of blank lines at the bottom of the
page. The footer, if any, is placed in the middle of
the space, which by default, is five lines. If
_f_o_o_t_e_r_s_i_z_e is 0, no footer will be printed.
----hhhh hhhheeeeaaaaddddeeeerrrr
Set the page header. See the description of three-part
titles for the ----ffff ffffooooooootttteeeerrrr option. The default page
header is
"|File: *||Page: %|".
----HHHH hhhheeeeaaaaddddeeeerrrrssssiiiizzzzeeee
See the description of the footer size.
----iiii iiiinnnnddddeeeennnntttt
Set the indentation of the text to _i_n_d_e_n_t spaces. Note
that this effectively reduces the usable width of the
page.
----IIII tttteeeemmmmppppiiiinnnnddddeeeennnntttt
Set the temporary indent. This causes filled text
found immediately after a break to be indented for one
line. It is useful for indenting the first lines of
paragraphs. If _t_e_m_p_i_n_d_e_n_t is negative, the the
temporary indent will be relative to the current _i_n_d_e_n_t
value. If the _t_e_m_p_i_n_d_e_n_t value is more negative than
the _i_n_d_e_n_t value is positive, _f_f will automatically
Page 2 (printed 1/1/86)
FFFFFFFF((((1111)))) WWWWaaaannnngggg IIIInnnnssssttttiiiittttuuuutttteeee ((((AAAAuuuugggguuuusssstttt 11110000,,,, 1111999988885555)))) FFFFFFFF((((1111))))
increase _i_n_d_e_n_t.
----jjjj Justify the text. That is, even the right margin by
inserting spaces in the line. Only filled text can be
justified.
----nnnn Number all output lines produced by the input text.
Lines from multiple line spacing or pagination will not
be numbered.
----NNNN nnnnuuuummmmbbbbeeeerrrrwwwwiiiiddddtttthhhh
Set the width of the line numbers. The default is to
take up 4 spaces. Note that this effectively reduces
the usable part of the page.
----pppp Paginate the output. See the options for page header
and footer control.
----PPPP ppppaaaaggggeeeessssiiiizzzzeeee
Set the number of lines in a page to _p_a_g_e_s_i_z_e. By
default, the standard 66 line page is assumed.
----ssss ssssppppaaaacccciiiinnnngggg
Set the line spacing. By default, text is single
spaced (_s_p_a_c_i_n_g equals 1).
----tttt ttttaaaabbbb
Set individual absolute and relative tab stops. These
values tell the formatter where to put the text (from
an unfilled line) that follows a tab character. Each
tab stop is supplied with its own ----tttt option; there is
no way to bundle them. _t_a_b values can be integers
without a plus sign. These are _a_b_s_o_l_u_t_e tab settings;
the tabs go to that position. The values must increase
monotonically. If a _t_a_b value is preceded by a plus
sign, then it is interpreted _r_e_l_a_t_i_v_e to the previous
tab setting. For example, a tab setting of 40 followed
by one of +20 will set the second tab stop to 60.
----TTTT ttttaaaabbbbssss
Set tab stops to every _t_a_b_s spaces. It is useful to
get equally spaced tabs. This option cannot be used
with the other tab setting option.
----uuuu Print All Input Text As Initial Upper-Case Titles, Like
This Sentence. This option goes well with the one for
centering lines.
----UUUU Print a usage summary of all the options and stop.
----wwww wwwwiiiiddddtttthhhh
Set the page width. By default, the page width is 72
Page 3 (printed 1/1/86)
FFFFFFFF((((1111)))) WWWWaaaannnngggg IIIInnnnssssttttiiiittttuuuutttteeee ((((AAAAuuuugggguuuusssstttt 11110000,,,, 1111999988885555)))) FFFFFFFF((((1111))))
characters. Note that the usable line length is
sometimes less than the page width. If line numbering
or indentation is requested, these subtract from the
line length.
EEEEXXXXAAAAMMMMPPPPLLLLEEEESSSS
Some of these examples can make shell scripts or aliases.
Centered Titles: title
ff -dcu $*
Double Spaced Unfilled Paginated indented (for editing): draft
ff -s 2 -b -p -f "`date`" -i 8 $*
Program Listing: cpr
H="@ Dir: `pwd`@@File: *@"
F="@ $NAME@`date`@Page %@"
ff -b -N 8 -H 3 -h "$H" -F 3 -f "$F" -T 4 -w 79 -i 2 $*
Reformat Paragraphed Text: nr
ff -jd -I 5 -i 10 -w 65 -B "TAB SP'*.@" $*
DDDDIIIIAAAAGGGGNNNNOOOOSSSSTTTTIIIICCCCSSSS
Some options are incompatible with others. For example,
centered text cannot be right-justified. _f_f will not allow
inconsistent combinations of options.
SSSSEEEEEEEE AAAALLLLSSSSOOOO
fmt(1), nroff(1), scribe(1w)
AAAAUUUUTTTTHHHHOOOORRRR
Gary Perlman (with help from many students)
SSSSTTTTAAAATTTTUUUUSSSS
Pretty well tested.
Page 4 (printed 1/1/86)